However, seamless transfer of digital models across domains without significant data inconsistencies is still a major challenge in the practice. The emerging availability of numerous model-based design and analysis tools promises high interoperability in terms of data exchange, thus shorter planning cycles and higher design quality. The concepts analysed and described in this paper can be applied to other disciplines within the AEC and related industries, to create the classification systems which will bridge the gap between different models. The presented research contributes to the bulk of knowledge on the classification systems with the measures to harmonise, simplify and prepare these for the users and workflows in the smart planning in AEC industry.

This newly developed classification system simplifies the mapping processes due to its domain specific character. The proposed classification system is implemented and tested in the central building data storage, where the data exchange towards structural analysis digital tools is performed.

Singular interpretation processes, which are the key element for the development of classification are described. The proposal focuses on the interpretation processes that are an inevitable but neglected part of the data exchange process between architectural and structural analysis models. Based on the review and identified deficiencies, a proposal for a comprehensive classification system is created to support the interdisciplinary exchange.

This paper presents a review and evaluation of existing classification systems through a comparative study of several BIM-based tools for architecture and structural analysis, as well as the standards related to the classification, thereby identifying the deficiencies for a seamless exchange.

However, there is a mismatch between the digital tools in the AEC industry and relevant standardisation due to: a) lack of standards for digital tools, and b) the standards developing slower than the digital technology thus increasing differences between numerous exchange workflows and stepping away from a seamless exchange. The digital design tools aim to meet end user needs, support existing design and construction workflows, and bring innovations in the AEC industry. Interdisciplinary digital model exchange in the AEC industry is faced with numerous difficulties, involving both process and technology problems.

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